The fragrance of a rose is never quite fixed. Temperature, humidity, time of day and even the stage of the flower can all influence how its scent is released and experienced. As the warmth of summer begins to soften into autumn, cooler mornings and greater moisture in the air create different conditions for fragrance, and a familiar rose can reveal itself in a rather different way.

A red rose has a wonderfully compelling presence in the garden. Amongst a sea of green, even a glimpse of crimson catches the eye, drawing you closer for another look. Red can sometimes have a reputation for being difficult to use, particularly alongside softer colours. Yet the palette is far more varied than we might first imagine. From clear crimson to deep, velvety tones, red roses can bring warmth, richness and depth to a garden without overwhelming it.

There are few evenings quite like the Last Night of the Proms. Familiar melodies fill the Royal Albert Hall, the audience joins in and music heard and loved for generations is given fresh life once more. This year’s programme got us thinking about the curious connections between music, stories and the names of some of our roses. From Elgar and the Malvern Hills to Britain’s long relationship with the sea, each offers a thread to follow from the concert hall into the garden.

There is always room for another rose. When borders are full, the answer is often simply to look upwards. Climbing roses can transform arches, obelisks and pillars into wonderfully abundant garden features, bringing flowers and fragrance to eye level and above. They can tumble over an entrance, rise from the middle of a border or soften a simple post with foliage and bloom. And, with the right rose and a little thoughtful training, they need surprisingly little ground space to make quite an impression.

Roses are wonderfully resilient, and sometimes a change of position is all that is needed to help one flourish. Perhaps a border is being redesigned, a rose would benefit from more sunshine, or a much-loved plant simply needs a little more room.

Rambling Roses have a natural affinity with trees. Their long, vigorous stems can be encouraged upwards into the branches, where they gradually weave through the canopy and open their flowers amongst the leaves. As the rose matures, the effect becomes increasingly natural, with great trusses of bloom appearing high above the ground and tumbling softly from the branches.

It is perfectly possible to grow beautiful, healthy roses without routinely using chemical sprays. The key is to concentrate on the health of the rose and the garden around it, rather than trying to prevent every aphid, marked leaf or other sign of nature.

Yellow roses have a particular way of bringing light into the garden. From the palest lemon to rich, glowing gold, their colours can feel wonderfully inviting without necessarily being bold, illuminating a border much as sunshine does.

No two roses are quite alike. Colour and fragrance may be what first catch the eye, but look a little closer and it is often the shape of the flower that gives a rose its particular character. Some blooms are simple and open, their golden stamens on full display. Others are made up of layer upon layer of petals, slowly unfurling into wonderfully intricate flowers. These different rose bloom shapes are the result of centuries of careful breeding and selection.

By the height of summer, many repeat flowering roses will already have given a wonderful display, with some moving through their second flush of flowers. As blooms begin to fade, a little thoughtful care can help keep plants looking their best and encourage further flowers to follow.

By early summer, a pergola clothed in roses can bear little resemblance to the structure beneath. Strong posts disappear behind leafy stems, flowers gather at eye level and, overhead, long canes wander from beam to beam, carrying loose clusters of bloom with them. On warm days, fragrance lingers beneath the canopy and fallen petals scatter the path below.

When we speak of “shade” in the garden, it is important to be precise. Few roses will prosper in deep shadow, but many are perfectly happy with four or five hours of sunlight a day. Think of those north-facing walls or quiet spots that bask in morning or evening light. These are not wasted spaces; with the right roses, they can become some of the most enchanting areas of the garden.